IEPE (ICP) 가속도계 소자 Quartz vs Ceramic 비교

Piezoelectric Sensing Elements - Quartz (석영) vs Ceramic (세라믹)

Quartz (석영) - 자연석
[장점]
1. Naturally Piezoelectric - Excellent long term repeatability
2. Non pyroelectric - Works well in thermally active environments
3. Low Capacitance - High Voltage Sensitivity (V=Q/C)
4. Low Temperature Coefficient  - Little deviation over wide temperature range
5. High Stiffness - Extremely linear
6. Longer term stability - No change in senstivity over time
7. Lower thermal transient sensitivity - Better for thermally active Environments
8. Lower temperature coefficient - Less change in sensitivity over temperature
9. Uses voltage Amplifier- Better for Extreme IEPE temperatures -196 ºC to 163 ºC

[단점]
1. Limited Temperature Range - Non piezoelectric above 343 ºC
2. Low Charge Output (pC) - Not effective in low-noise, charge-amplified systems
3. Limited Geometry - Can only cut crystal in certain number of ways and still remain piezoelectric

[적용분야]
1. 탁월한 장기 안정성으로 인한 표준교정 센서로 사용
2. 극저온, ESS (Environmental Stress Screening) / HALT (Highly Accelerated Life Test) / HASS (High Accelerated Stress Screen)와 같은 많은 열 활성 및 사이클 환경에 사용
3. 단일 및 삼축 구성의 동적 힘 센서에 사용
4. Dynamic Pressure in active environments like turbine combustion instability and airflow in wind tunnels over airfoils.


Ceramic (세라믹) - 인공석
[장점]
1. Man-made material
2. High Charge Output (pC) - Excellent for use with tests requiring high sensitivity and/or low-noise, charge-amplified systems
3. Unlimited Geometry - “Poling” occurs after shaping / - Versatility for different sensor designs: plates, annular tubes, cones, etc...
4. High Temperature Range - Operating temperatures: >540 ºC
5. Better resolution and frequency response than comparable size quartz accelerometers
6. Lower noise than quartz
7. Easier to make smaller higher resolution accelerometers
8. Can use different crystal geometries for different shear designs
9. Higher charge output for use in Charge Mode Systems

[단점]
1. Pyroelectric -  Unwanted output generated by a thermal input
2. High temperature coefficient - Electrical properties are dependent on temperature
3. Artificially Polarized (unstable) - Exhibit temporary/permanent changes under large mechanical, thermal or electrical shock / - Electrical characteristics change over time
4. Higher Temp Coefficient - Change in sensitivity over temperature
5. Higher thermal transient sensitvity
6. Possible Temperature Limitations when matched with internal electronics
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[적용분야]
1. Low noise floor internal ICP charge amplified operation
2. 범용 진동 측정에 사용
3. Low cost Modal/Automotive NVH/Aircraft GVT array accelerometers where low signal levels with long cable runs are the standard operation
4. 고온 (최대 482 도씨)에서 작동하는 특수 항공 우주 응용 분야에 사용

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